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pwd - return working directory name
pwd [-L | -P ]
The
pwd utility shall write to standard output an absolute pathname of the
current working directory, which does not contain the filenames dot or
dot-dot.
The pwd utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume
of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines.
The following
options shall be supported by the implementation:
- -L
- If the PWD environment
variable contains an absolute pathname of the current directory that does
not contain the filenames dot or dot-dot, pwd shall write this pathname
to standard output. Otherwise, the -L option shall behave as the -P option.
- -P
- The absolute pathname written shall not contain filenames that, in the
context of the pathname, refer to files of type symbolic link.
If both -L
and -P are specified, the last one shall apply. If neither -L nor -P is specified,
the pwd utility shall behave as if -L had been specified.
None.
Not
used.
None.
The following environment variables
shall affect the execution of pwd:
- LANG
- Provide a default value for the
internationalization variables that are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions
volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 8.2, Internationalization Variables
for the precedence of internationalization variables used to determine
the values of locale categories.)
- LC_ALL
- If set to a non-empty string value,
override the values of all the other internationalization variables.
- LC_MESSAGES
- Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and contents
of diagnostic messages written to standard error.
- NLSPATH
- Determine the
location of message catalogs for the processing of LC_MESSAGES .
- PWD
- If
the -P option is in effect, this variable shall be set to an absolute pathname
of the current working directory that does not contain any components that
specify symbolic links, does not contain any components that are dot, and
does not contain any components that are dot-dot. If an application sets
or unsets the value of PWD , the behavior of pwd is unspecified.
Default.
The pwd utility output is an absolute pathname of the
current working directory:
"%s\n", <directory pathname>
The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.
None.
None.
The following exit values
shall be returned:
- 0
- Successful completion.
- >0
- An error occurred.
If an error is detected, output shall not be written to standard
output, a diagnostic message shall be written to standard error, and the
exit status is not zero.
The following sections are informative.
None.
None.
Some implementations have historically
provided pwd as a shell special built-in command.
In most utilities, if an
error occurs, partial output may be written to standard output. This does
not happen in historical implementations of pwd. Because pwd is frequently
used in historical shell scripts without checking the exit status, it is
important that the historical behavior is required here; therefore, the
CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS section specifically disallows any partial output
being written to standard output.
None.
cd , the
System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, getcwd()
Portions
of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE
Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable
Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications
Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between
this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original
IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html
.
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