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du - estimate file space usage
du [OPTION]... [FILE]...
du [OPTION]... --files0-from=F
Summarize disk usage of each FILE,
recursively for directories.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory
for short options too.
- -a, --all
- write counts for all files, not just directories
- --apparent-size
- print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the
apparent size is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in (‘sparse’)
files, internal fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like
- -B, --block-size=SIZE
use SIZE-byte blocks
- -b, --bytes
- equivalent to ‘--apparent-size --block-size=1’
- -c,
--total
- produce a grand total
- -D, --dereference-args
- dereference FILEs that are
symbolic links
- --files0-from=F
- summarize disk usage of the NUL-terminated file
names specified in file F
- -H
- like --si, but also evokes a warning; will soon
change to be equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)
- -h, --human-readable
- print sizes
in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
- --si
- like -h, but use powers of
1000 not 1024
- -k
- like --block-size=1K
- -l, --count-links
- count sizes many times
if hard linked
- -L, --dereference
- dereference all symbolic links
- -P, --no-dereference
- don’t follow any symbolic links (this is the default)
- -0, --null
- end each output
line with 0 byte rather than newline
- -S, --separate-dirs
- do not include size
of subdirectories
- -s, --summarize
- display only a total for each argument
- -x,
--one-file-system
- skip directories on different file systems
- -X FILE, --exclude-from=FILE
- Exclude files that match any pattern in FILE.
- --exclude=PATTERN Exclude files
that match PATTERN.
- --max-depth=N
- print the total for a directory (or file,
with --all) only if it is N or fewer levels below the command line argument;
--max-depth=0 is the same as --summarize
- --help
- display this help and exit
- --version
- output version information and exit
SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally
followed by) one of following: kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024,
and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.
PATTERN is a shell pattern (not
a regular expression). The pattern ? matches any one character, whereas
* matches any string (composed of zero, one or multiple characters). For
example, *.o will match any files whose names end in .o. Therefore, the command
- du --exclude=’*.o’
will skip all files and subdirectories ending in .o (including
the file .o itself).
Written by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie,
Paul Eggert, and Jim Meyering.
Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.
Copyright © 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is
NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
The full documentation for du is maintained as a Texinfo manual.
If the info and du programs are properly installed at your site, the command
- info du
should give you access to the complete manual.
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